the absence of an integrated system of central places obstruct the emergence of a more geo graphically balanced pattern of development.
Most Third World governments acknowledge the difficulties in developing intermediate cities in peripheral regions as counter-magnets to the primate city. and have instead sought to promote decentralisation of population and industry to satellite towns located around the main urbancentres. In 1997 twenty new towns had been approved or were under construction around Jakarta alone 2 Many Third World new towns. however, as a result of spatial proximity. tend to grow towards the major metropolitan centre. thereby defeating the aim of separate development. In addition, the promotion of a polycentric metropolitan region with satellite subcentres perpetuates the concentration of migration streams on the economically more dynamic capital region. Most fundamentally, decentralisation policies only indirectly address the causes of rural-urbam migration.