Do we have reason to think that there are such cases? One basis for scepticism emerges from pames C Scotts work, most notably in Domination and the Arts of Resistance (1990), which the ways in which apparentdisplays of deference by the powerless-dis- make it to the powerful, that the powerless have internalized the outlook advanced by the powerful are designed as deceptions to create that very impression Elu cidating the hidden transcripts of the dominated, exploited. and powerless, Scott s argu ment suggests that the public performances encouraging the view that the powerless are characterized by ideological false consciousness admit of a rather different explanation and, in effect, charges that political scientists and political theorists have been too readily deceived in the satie way as (and perhaps more so than) the powerful at whom these per are directed However, while Scotts argument suggests that many cases can be accounted for in this it does not fully underwrite the claim that the three-dimensional way, r has no real world' applications.
Consider for example, that while Scott's account for much of the (seemingly) compliant behaviour of slaves, it cannot er slaves, interviewed years after they had been freed, would exhibit an account for why itude of self blame with respect to their conduct as slaves.
Yet, Patterson has noted that o characteristic De Massa and Missus was good to me but some times was so bad they had to whip mer said Victoria Adams "It was always for some thing, sir I needed de whippin: recalled Millie Barber or the form of power idrntified by Lukes is certainly real.
Given that there are such cases, can we identify them and the mechanisms through which they work Both elements are needed.
To demonstrate that A has shaped B's per in ways running B's real interests, requires both eepoon of his or her interests, contrary to that dar analyit can demonstrate that we have good reason to believe that B's interests are es them to be and, alio, that N power is the cause of of the eare complex issues.
While there is nothing mysterious about the thought th