In short, studies on the territorial distribution of indigenous peoples should draw attention to
their ancestral territories and the settlements outside them. One potential solution to be considered
during the 2010 round of censuses could be to redefine census segments with a view to statistically
reconstructing indigenous territories as valid jurisdictions, which can already be done in Brazil and
Costa Rica. This would clearly have to be carried out with the full participation of the indigenous
peoples. Some agencies, such as the National Institute for the Development of Andean, Amazonian
and Afro-Peruvian Peoples (INDEPA) in Peru, have made significant progress in territorialdemarcation. Progress is needed in the cartographic harmonization of indigenous organizations andagencies and national statistical institutes, with a view to making the most of census data and otherinformation. It is also clear that the census question about self-definition remains indispensable fora comprehensive overview of the various areas (inside and outside their territories).
In the case of urban settlements (outside the ancestral territories),13 the individual question on
self-identification and the georeferenced disaggregation of census data would provide an initial
approximation (at the neighborhood level, for example) and would also enable sociodemographic
characterizations to be made. This document illustrates the potential for using the census to work
along these lines.
In short, studies on the territorial distribution of indigenous peoples should draw attention to
their ancestral territories and the settlements outside them. One potential solution to be considered
during the 2010 round of censuses could be to redefine census segments with a view to statistically
reconstructing indigenous territories as valid jurisdictions, which can already be done in Brazil and
Costa Rica. This would clearly have to be carried out with the full participation of the indigenous
peoples. Some agencies, such as the National Institute for the Development of Andean, Amazonian
and Afro-Peruvian Peoples (INDEPA) in Peru, have made significant progress in territorialdemarcation. Progress is needed in the cartographic harmonization of indigenous organizations andagencies and national statistical institutes, with a view to making the most of census data and otherinformation. It is also clear that the census question about self-definition remains indispensable fora comprehensive overview of the various areas (inside and outside their territories).
In the case of urban settlements (outside the ancestral territories),13 the individual question on
self-identification and the georeferenced disaggregation of census data would provide an initial
approximation (at the neighborhood level, for example) and would also enable sociodemographic
characterizations to be made. This document illustrates the potential for using the census to work
along these lines.
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