Sources of Khmer history (15)
Several written accounts of Khmer history exist. the earliest being Chinese rather than indigenous. Before the appearance of locally-engraved stone inscriptions. Chinese dynastic annals had already related in considerable detail the early historical periods of the countries of Southeast Asia The annals have not always been invoked wisely. In particular the initial conclusions of their early twentieth century translator. the renowned sinologist Paul Pelliot. have scarcely been challenged. The knowledge which has gradually accumulated since then through study of other documentary sources should have enabled scholars to re-evaluate Pelliot's tentative hypotheses. Indeed he had already warned his readers that the Chinese accounts had often been re-copied and contained various observations which ought not to be taken at face value
All the surviving indigenous written records of ancient Cambodia are inscriptions. the vast majority incised on stone. The ancient manuscripts. which must surely have been a considerable body of literature. have all perished. For unknown reasons, possibly during the 16th/17th centuries, the scribes who had been re-copying them over the ages ceased to do so. It is perhaps a forlorn hope the maybe one day- as at Qumran - someone might chance to discover a copy of these long-lost records. Alas, a tropical climate is not favourable to the preservation of literature which for the most part would have been inscribed on fragile latania palm-leaves.
the oldest inscriptions, engraved in a script daring them to around the fifth century, are in Sanskrit. They were soon to be followed by texts in the Khmer language. While the initial influence of Indian civilisation is beyound doubt, its importance has sometimes been awarded undue prominence. With the exception of Vietnamese, the early alphabets of Southeast Asia all originated in India. It is also true that Sanskrit is the language of about half of the inscriptions discovered in the lands once occupied by the Khmers. It should however be noted that they all invoke deities of Indian origin. The vast majority of inscriptions in Khmer also relate to Hindu or Buddhist temples.
the contrast there are very few allusions to the local divinities of the people. Despite the lack of documentary evidence, they must have been then, as they still are now, of great significance to the Khmers. So while the old inscriptions provide invaluable clues for the study of ancient Khkmer civilisation, they remain only part of the picture, viral indeed, but by no means the whole, as has too long been assumed.
Apart from a handful of exceptions, all the known Sanskrit inscriptions are poems of varying length, noteworthy in that they are often expressed in language of considerable refinement. The Khmer poets adhered to stanza forms of various degrees of complexity, and composed their verses in perfect accordance with the rules of prosody, thus demonstrating an intimate knowledge of Indian culture. The poems are addressed to the gods, apparently with the aim of praising their servants, the kings or dignitaries, and recording their meritorious deeds- after all, such people also had the means to commission temples and make large donations to their resident deities. The texts thus provide valuable historical information, such as be built, and the manes of the kings, the dates of the temples they caused to be built, and the names of the kingdom's high officeholders. Such records, however, are little more than landmarks- the objects of the poets' adulation are almost always praised in stereotyped formulae far removed from real life. It is nevertheless occasionally possible to glean here and there a few details about the lives of these personages.
แหล่งที่มาของประวัติศาสตร์เขมร (15)มีอยู่หลายบัญชีเขียนประวัติศาสตร์เขมร แรกสุดจีน มากกว่าคนพื้นเมือง ก่อนลักษณะที่ปรากฏของเครื่องแกะสลักศิลาจารึก พงศาวดารจีน dynastic มีข้องในรายละเอียดมากรอบประวัติศาสตร์ต้นของประเทศเอเชียตะวันออกเฉียงใต้พงศาวดารมีไม่เสมอถูกเรียกอย่างชาญฉลาด โดยเฉพาะบทสรุปครั้งแรกของนักแปลของศตวรรษที่ยี่สิบต้น sinologist แหล่ง Paul Pelliot มีแทบการท้าทาย ความรู้ที่ได้ค่อย ๆ สะสมตั้งแต่ นั้น ผ่านการศึกษาอื่น ๆ แหล่งสารคดี ควรเปิดใช้นักวิชาการประเมิน Pelliot ของสมมุติฐานที่แน่นอนอีกครั้ง แน่นอนเขามีแล้วเตือนผู้อ่านของเขาว่า บัญชีจีนมักจะถูกคัดลอกอีกครั้ง และประกอบด้วยข้อสังเกตต่าง ๆ ที่ไม่ควรนำมูลค่าที่ตรา ระเบียนทั้งหมดรอดตายชนเขียนของกัมพูชาจารึกไว้ ใหญ่ incised บนหิน เป็นโบราณ ซึ่งต้องย่อมได้รับร่างกายที่มากของเอกสารประกอบการ มีทั้งหมด perished ไม่ทราบสาเหตุ อาจในระหว่างศตวรรษ 16/17 ภาพที่ได้รับใหม่คัดลอกแฟ้มผ่านอายุเพิ่มดังนั้น ได้ทีหวัง forlorn ทีในหนึ่งวัน - เป็นที่ Qumran - คนอาจโอกาสเยือนสำเนาระเบียนเหล่านี้หายไปนาน อนิจจา ภูมิอากาศเขตร้อนได้ดีเพื่ออนุรักษ์วรรณกรรมซึ่งส่วนใหญ่จะมีการจารึกบนใบลาน latania เปราะบาง the oldest inscriptions, engraved in a script daring them to around the fifth century, are in Sanskrit. They were soon to be followed by texts in the Khmer language. While the initial influence of Indian civilisation is beyound doubt, its importance has sometimes been awarded undue prominence. With the exception of Vietnamese, the early alphabets of Southeast Asia all originated in India. It is also true that Sanskrit is the language of about half of the inscriptions discovered in the lands once occupied by the Khmers. It should however be noted that they all invoke deities of Indian origin. The vast majority of inscriptions in Khmer also relate to Hindu or Buddhist temples. the contrast there are very few allusions to the local divinities of the people. Despite the lack of documentary evidence, they must have been then, as they still are now, of great significance to the Khmers. So while the old inscriptions provide invaluable clues for the study of ancient Khkmer civilisation, they remain only part of the picture, viral indeed, but by no means the whole, as has too long been assumed. Apart from a handful of exceptions, all the known Sanskrit inscriptions are poems of varying length, noteworthy in that they are often expressed in language of considerable refinement. The Khmer poets adhered to stanza forms of various degrees of complexity, and composed their verses in perfect accordance with the rules of prosody, thus demonstrating an intimate knowledge of Indian culture. The poems are addressed to the gods, apparently with the aim of praising their servants, the kings or dignitaries, and recording their meritorious deeds- after all, such people also had the means to commission temples and make large donations to their resident deities. The texts thus provide valuable historical information, such as be built, and the manes of the kings, the dates of the temples they caused to be built, and the names of the kingdom's high officeholders. Such records, however, are little more than landmarks- the objects of the poets' adulation are almost always praised in stereotyped formulae far removed from real life. It is nevertheless occasionally possible to glean here and there a few details about the lives of these personages.
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