1.Introduction The extensive utiliz

1.Introduction The extensive utilizationo forganic compound sinmodern society combinedwithincreasingdemandsforwaterresourceshave resultedinwidespreadcontaminationofwaterresources.Manyof thesecompoundshaveanthropogenicsourcesandarebeingproducedingreaterquantitiesthaneverbeforearoundtheglobe[1,2]. Thesecompoundsincludingpharmaceuticals,personal-careproducts,pesticides,hormonesandindustrialcontaminants,andare collectivelytermedastraceorganiccompounds(TOrCs).Several studieshaveshownthatconventionalwatertreatmentprocesses generallyarenoteffectiveinremovalofTOrCsthusleadingtotheir releaseintotheenvironmentwithpotentialforcontaminationof drinkingwatersources[3,4].Whiletheadverseeffectsassociated withexposuretoindividualcompoundsfromdrinkingwaterisnot expectedtoposesignificantrisktopublichealth[5],thelongterm exposuretomixturesofTOrCsandpotentialforsynergisticeffectsis largelyunknown[6–8].DuetothevastnumberofTOrCsdetectedin water,regulatoryactionstodetermineacceptablelevelsofall nCorrespondingauthor.Tel.:þ15206212573. E-mailaddress:[e-mail](S.A.Snyder). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2014.08.011 0039-9140/&2014ElsevierB.V.Allrightsreserved. detectedTOrCsisnotfeasibledespitestudiesdocumentingadverse effectstotheenvironmentandwildlife[9–11].Thus,itisprudentto monitorindicatorTOrCsinwaterwhilesufficienttoxicological datacanbecollectedandstudiesonanypotentialmixtureeffects performed. Currently,methodsutilizingliquidchromatography–tandem massspectrometry(LC–MS/MS)areconsideredthegoldstandard forsensitiveanalysisofmultipleTOrCsinwater[12–14].However,to achieverequisitedetectionlimitsoflowng/LformanyTOrCs,time consumingsamplepreparationstepsareoftenrequiredbefore LC–MS/MSanalysis.Thesamplepreparationstepgenerallyinvolves extractionandconcentrationofthetargetanalyteswithcommensurateeliminationofmanyinterferencesintheoriginalmatrix.Traditionaloff-linesolid-phaseextraction(SPE)andliquid–liquid extraction(LLE)arethemostcommonlyusedconcentrationand clean-upstepsforanalysisofTOrCsinenvironmentalmatrices [12,15,16].Thesetwotechniquesrequirearelativelylargesample volume,areextremelytimeconsuming,laborious,andrequire considerableamountsoforganicsolventstoperform.Further,these methodscanpotentiallydecreasethereproducibilityandaccuracyof analysisduetomultiplesamplemanipulationsthatarerequired[17]. Consideringthehighdegreeoftemporal[18]andgeographical[19] variability,high-throughputtime-sensitiveanalyticalscreening

ผลลัพธ์ (ไทย) 1:

1.แนะนำอย่างละเอียด utilizationo forganic sinmodern ผสมสังคม combinedwithincreasingdemandsforwaterresourceshave resultedinwidespreadcontaminationofwaterresourcesManyof thesecompoundshaveanthropogenicsourcesandarebeingproducedingreaterquantitiesthaneverbeforearoundtheglobe [1, 2] Thesecompoundsincludingpharmaceuticals, careproducts ส่วนตัว ยาฆ่าแมลง hormonesandindustrialcontaminants, andare collectivelytermedastraceorganiccompounds(TOrCs)หลาย studieshaveshownthatconventionalwatertreatmentprocesses generallyarenoteffectiveinremovalofTOrCsthusleadingtotheir releaseintotheenvironmentwithpotentialforcontaminationof drinkingwatersources [3, 4]Whiletheadverseeffectsassociated withexposuretoindividualcompoundsfromdrinkingwaterisnot expectedtoposesignificantrisktopublichealth [5], thelongterm exposuretomixturesofTOrCsandpotentialforsynergisticeffectsis largelyunknown [6-8]น้ำ DuetothevastnumberofTOrCsdetectedin, regulatoryactionstodetermineacceptablelevelsofall nCorrespondingauthor.Tel.:þ15206212573 E-mailaddress:[e-mail] (S.A.Snyder) http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2014.08.011 0039-9140 / & 2014ElsevierB.V.Allrightsreserved detectedTOrCsisnotfeasibledespitestudiesdocumentingadverse effectstotheenvironmentandwildlife [9-11]ดังนั้น itisprudentto monitorindicatorTOrCsinwaterwhilesufficienttoxicological datacanbecollectedandstudiesonanypotentialmixtureeffects ดำเนินการ ปัจจุบัน massspectrometry methodsutilizingliquidchromatography – ตัวตามกันไป (LC – MS/MS) areconsideredthegoldstandard forsensitiveanalysisofmultipleTOrCsinwater [12-14]อย่างไรก็ตาม การ achieverequisitedetectionlimitsoflowng/LformanyTOrCs เวลา consumingsamplepreparationstepsareoftenrequiredbefore LC–MS/MSanalysis.Thesamplepreparationstepgenerallyinvolves extractionandconcentrationofthetargetanalyteswithcommensurateeliminationofmanyinterferencesintheoriginalmatrixTraditionaloff-linesolid-phaseextraction (SPE) andliquid – ของเหลวสกัด (LLE) arethemostcommonlyusedconcentrationand ทำความสะอาด-upstepsforanalysisofTOrCsinenvironmentalmatrices [12,15,16]เสียง Thesetwotechniquesrequirearelativelylargesample, areextremelytimeconsuming ลำบาก andrequire considerableamountsoforganicsolventstoperformเพิ่มเติม เหล่านี้ methodscanpotentiallydecreasethereproducibilityandaccuracyof analysisduetomultiplesamplemanipulationsthatarerequired [17] Consideringthehighdegreeoftemporal [18] [19] andgeographical สำหรับความผันผวน สูง-throughputtime-sensitiveanalyticalscreening

ผลลัพธ์ (ไทย) 2:

1. บทนำกว้างขวาง utilizationo forganic สารประกอบสังคม sinmodern combinedwithincreasingdemandsforwaterresourceshave resultedinwidespreadcontaminationofwaterresources.Manyof collectivelytermedastraceorganiccompounds (torcs) .Several studieshaveshownthatconventionalwatertreatmentprocesses generallyarenoteffectiveinremovalofTOrCsthusleadingtotheir releaseintotheenvironmentwithpotentialforcontaminationof drinkingwatersources [3,4] .Whiletheadverseeffectsassociated withexposuretoindividualcompoundsfromdrinkingwaterisnot expectedtoposesignificantrisktopublichealth [5] thelongterm exposuretomixturesofTOrCsandpotentialforsynergisticeffectsis largelyunknown [6-8] .DuetothevastnumberofTOrCsdetectedin น้ำ regulatoryactionstodetermineacceptablelevelsofall nCorrespondingauthor.Tel. þ15206212573 E-mailaddress: [e-mail] (sasnyder) http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2014.08.011 0039-9140 / & 2014ElsevierB.V.Allrightsreserved detectedTOrCsisnotfeasibledespitestudiesdocumentingadverse effectstotheenvironmentandwildlife [9-11] ดังนั้น itisprudentto datacanbecollectedandstudiesonanypotentialmixtureeffects monitorindicatorTOrCsinwaterwhilesufficienttoxicological ดำเนินการ ปัจจุบัน methodsutilizingliquidchromatography-ตีคู่ massspectrometry (LC-MS / MS) areconsideredthegoldstandard forsensitiveanalysisofmultipleTOrCsinwater [12-14] อย่างไรก็ตามการ achieverequisitedetectionlimitsoflowng / LformanyTOrCs, consumingsamplepreparationstepsareoftenrequiredbefore เวลา LC-MS / MSanalysis.Thesamplepreparationstepgenerallyinvolves สกัด (LLE) arethemostcommonlyusedconcentrationand สะอาด upstepsforanalysisofTOrCsinenvironmentalmatrices [12,15,16] ปริมาณ .Thesetwotechniquesrequirearelativelylargesample, areextremelytimeconsuming, ลำบาก andrequire considerableamountsoforganicsolventstoperform.Further เหล่านี้ methodscanpotentiallydecreasethereproducibilityandaccuracyof analysisduetomultiplesamplemanipulationsthatarerequired [17] Consideringthehighdegreeoftemporal [18] andgeographical [19] ความแปรปรวนสูง throughputtime-sensitiveanalyticalscreening

ผลลัพธ์ (ไทย) 3:

1 . แนะนำอย่างละเอียด utilizationo forganic สารประกอบ sinmodern สังคม combinedwithincreasingdemandsforwaterresourceshave resultedinwidespreadcontaminationofwaterresources . manyof thesecompoundshaveanthropogenicsourcesandarebeingproducedingreaterquantitiesthaneverbeforearoundtheglobe [ 1 , 2 ] thesecompoundsincludingpharmaceuticals ส่วนบุคคล careproducts ยาฆ่าแมลงhormonesandindustrialcontaminants เพื่อ collectivelytermedastraceorganiccompounds , ( torcs ) หลาย studieshaveshownthatconventionalwatertreatmentprocesses generallyarenoteffectiveinremovaloftorcsthusleadingtotheir releaseintotheenvironmentwithpotentialforcontaminationof drinkingwatersources [ 3 , 4 ]whiletheadverseeffectsassociated withexposuretoindividualcompoundsfromdrinkingwaterisnot expectedtoposesignificantrisktopublichealth [ 5 ] , thelongterm exposuretomixturesoftorcsandpotentialforsynergisticeffectsis largelyunknown [ 6 – 8 ] duetothevastnumberoftorcsdetectedin น้ำ regulatoryactionstodetermineacceptablelevelsofall ncorrespondingauthor . โทร . : þ 15206212573 . e-mailaddress : [e-mail] .การศึกษา ( s.a.snyder ) http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2014.08.011 0039-9140 / & 2014elsevierb.v.allrightsreserved . detectedtorcsisnotfeasibledespitestudiesdocumentingadverse effectstotheenvironmentandwildlife [ 9 – 11 ] ดังนั้น itisprudentto monitorindicatortorcsinwaterwhilesufficienttoxicological datacanbecollectedandstudiesonanypotentialmixtureeffects แสดง ในปัจจุบันmethodsutilizingliquidchromatography –ควบคู่ massspectrometry ( LC ) MS / MS ) areconsideredthegoldstandard forsensitiveanalysisofmultipletorcsinwater [ 12 – 14 ] อย่างไรก็ตาม achieverequisitedetectionlimitsoflowng / lformanytorcs LC MS / consumingsamplepreparationstepsareoftenrequiredbefore ครั้ง ) msanalysis .thesamplepreparationstepgenerallyinvolves extractionandconcentrationofthetargetanalyteswithcommensurateeliminationofmanyinterferencesintheoriginalmatrix . traditionaloff linesolid phaseextraction ( SPE ) andliquid –การสกัดด้วย ( ที่ไหน ) arethemostcommonlyusedconcentrationand สะอาด upstepsforanalysisoftorcsinenvironmentalmatrices [ 12,15,16 ] thesetwotechniquesrequirearelativelylargesample ระดับเสียงareextremelytimeconsuming ลําบาก , andrequire considerableamountsoforganicsolventstoperform เพิ่มเติม เหล่านี้ methodscanpotentiallydecreasethereproducibilityandaccuracyof analysisduetomultiplesamplemanipulationsthatarerequired [ 17 ] consideringthehighdegreeoftemporal ภูมิ [ 18 ] [ 19 ] ความแปรปรวนสูง throughputtime sensitiveanalyticalscreening