So far, many efforts to replace natural surfactants have been conducted in various processes.
However due to the low efficiency of some products, this products are not economically. So
replacing plant surfactants is further used due to having chemical surfactants and other natural
advantages and high production efficiency. Saponin is a kind of these natural surfactants.
Saponin is a kind of nonionic natural surfactant that can be found in many plant species.
Saponins are a major group of plant secondary metabolite. They are glycosides with high
molecular weight. Figure 1 shows two group of saponin chemical structure that include
triterpenoids and steroids [1-2].