In stark contrast, European dog breeds dominate in terms of numbers and variety of phenotypes and are represented in all 10 FCI groups. If the dogs in southern East Asia would generally have the limited morphological diversity of Dingoes and Pariah dogs, it may therefore seem surprising that the genetic basis for the immense morphological variation found among Western dog breeds would have originated from southern Eastern Asia, as indicated by mtDNA and Y-chromosomal DNA data [1–3].