Chapter 1 Introduction to Principles of Management
Reading this chapter will help you do the following:
1. Learn who managers are and about the nature of their work.
2. Know why you should care about leadership, entrepreneurship, and strategy.
3. Know the dimensions of the planning-organizing-leading-controlling (P-O-L-C) framework.
4. Learn how economic performance feeds social and environmental performance.
5. Understand what performance means at the individual and group levels.
6. Create your survivor’s guide to learning and developing principles of management.
1.5 Economic, Social, and Environmental Performance
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
1. Be able to define economic, social, and environmental performance.
2. Understand how economic performance is related to social and environmental performance.
0. Triple bottom line
* Triple bottom line refers to the measurement of business performance along social, environmental, and economic dimensions.
1. Economic Performance
* Economic performance of a firm is a function of its success in producing benefits for its owners in particular, through product innovation and the efficient use of resources.
2. Social and Environmental Performance
* Corporate social responsibility (CSR)
* CSR is a concept whereby organizations consider the interests of society by taking responsibility for the impact of their activities on customers, suppliers, employees, shareholders, communities, and the environment in all aspects of their operations.
3. Integrating Economic, Social, and Environmental Performance
* CSR helps attract and retain the best and brightest employees.
* Firm is being responsive to market demands, to observations about how some environmental and social needs represent great entrepreneurial business opportunities in and of themselves.
KEY TAKEAWAY
EXERCISES
1.6 Performance of Individuals and Groups
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
1. Understand the key dimensions of individual-level performance.
2. Understand the key dimensions of group-level performance.
3. Know why individual- and group-level performance goals need to be compatible.
1. Individual-Level Performance
* In-role performance or things you have to do in your job
* Extra-role performance or organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs)
2. Group-Level Performance
* Group-level performance focuses on both the outcomes and process of collections of individuals, or groups.
* Process loss is any aspect of group interaction that inhibits good problem solving.
* Team is a cohesive coalition of people working together to achieve the team agenda (i.e., teamwork).
3. Compatibility of Individual and Group Performance
* Compatibility of individual and group performance, typically with respect to goals and incentives.
KEY TAKEAWAY
EXERCISES
1.7 Your Principles of Management Survivor’s Guide
Chapter 2 Personality, Attitudes, and Work Behaviors
Reading this chapter will help you do the following:
1. Understand the roles of personality and values in determining work behaviors.
2. Explain the process of perception and how it affects work behaviors.
3. Identify the major work attitudes that affect work behaviors.
4. Define the concept of person-organization fit and how it affects work behaviors.
5. List the key set of behaviors that matter for organizational performance.
6. Be able to develop your positive attitude skills.
2.1 Case in Point: SAS Institute Invests in Employees
2.2 Personality and Values
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
1. Identify the major personality traits that are relevant to organizational behavior.
2. Explain the potential pitfalls of personality testing.
3. Describe the relationship between personality and work behaviors.
4. Understand what values are.
5. Describe the link between values and work behaviors.
1. Personality
* Personality encompasses a person’s relatively stable feelings, thoughts, and behavioral patterns.
2. Big Five Personality Traits
* Figure 2.5 The Big Five Personality Traits
1 Openness is the degree to which a person is curious, original, intellectual, creative, and open to new ideas.
2 Conscientiousness refers to the degree to which a person is organized, systematic, punctual, achievement-oriented, and dependable.
3 Extraversion is the degree to which a person is outgoing, talkative, sociable, and enjoys socializing.
4 Agreeableness is the degree to which a person is affable, tolerant, sensitive, trusting, kind, and warm.
5 Neuroticism refers to the degree to which a person is anxious, irritable, temperamental, and moody.
3. Other Personality Dimensions
1 Self-monitoring refers to the extent to which a person is capable of monitoring his or her actions and appearance in social situations.
2 Proactive personality refers to a person’s inclination to fix what is wrong, change things, and use initiative to solve problems.
3 Self-esteem is the degree to which a person has overall positive feelings about himself or herself.
4 Self-efficacy is a belief that one can perform a specific task successfully.
4. Personality Testing in Employee Selection
5. Values
* Figure 2.8 Values Included in Schwartz’s (1992) Value Inventory
* Values refer to people’s stable life goals, reflecting what is most important to them.
KEY TAKEAWAY
EXERCISES
2.3 Perception
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
1. Understand the influence of biases in the process of perception.
2. Describe how we perceive visual objects and how these tendencies may affect our behavior.
3. Describe the biases of self-perception.
4. Describe the biases inherent in our perceptions of other people.
0. Perception
* Perception is defined as the process by which individuals detect and interpret environmental stimuli.
1. Visual Perception
2. Self-Perception
3. Social Perception
KEY TAKEAWAY
EXERCISES
Chapter 1 Introduction to Principles of ManagementReading this chapter will help you do the following:1. Learn who managers are and about the nature of their work.2. Know why you should care about leadership, entrepreneurship, and strategy.3. Know the dimensions of the planning-organizing-leading-controlling (P-O-L-C) framework.4. Learn how economic performance feeds social and environmental performance.5. Understand what performance means at the individual and group levels.6. Create your survivor’s guide to learning and developing principles of management.1.5 Economic, Social, and Environmental PerformanceLEARNING OBJECTIVES1. Be able to define economic, social, and environmental performance.2. Understand how economic performance is related to social and environmental performance.0. Triple bottom line* Triple bottom line refers to the measurement of business performance along social, environmental, and economic dimensions.1. Economic Performance* Economic performance of a firm is a function of its success in producing benefits for its owners in particular, through product innovation and the efficient use of resources.2. Social and Environmental Performance* Corporate social responsibility (CSR)* CSR is a concept whereby organizations consider the interests of society by taking responsibility for the impact of their activities on customers, suppliers, employees, shareholders, communities, and the environment in all aspects of their operations.
3. Integrating Economic, Social, and Environmental Performance
* CSR helps attract and retain the best and brightest employees.
* Firm is being responsive to market demands, to observations about how some environmental and social needs represent great entrepreneurial business opportunities in and of themselves.
KEY TAKEAWAY
EXERCISES
1.6 Performance of Individuals and Groups
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
1. Understand the key dimensions of individual-level performance.
2. Understand the key dimensions of group-level performance.
3. Know why individual- and group-level performance goals need to be compatible.
1. Individual-Level Performance
* In-role performance or things you have to do in your job
* Extra-role performance or organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs)
2. Group-Level Performance
* Group-level performance focuses on both the outcomes and process of collections of individuals, or groups.
* Process loss is any aspect of group interaction that inhibits good problem solving.
* Team is a cohesive coalition of people working together to achieve the team agenda (i.e., teamwork).
3. Compatibility of Individual and Group Performance
* Compatibility of individual and group performance, typically with respect to goals and incentives.
KEY TAKEAWAY
EXERCISES
1.7 Your Principles of Management Survivor’s Guide
Chapter 2 Personality, Attitudes, and Work Behaviors
Reading this chapter will help you do the following:
1. Understand the roles of personality and values in determining work behaviors.
2. Explain the process of perception and how it affects work behaviors.
3. Identify the major work attitudes that affect work behaviors.
4. Define the concept of person-organization fit and how it affects work behaviors.
5. List the key set of behaviors that matter for organizational performance.
6. Be able to develop your positive attitude skills.
2.1 Case in Point: SAS Institute Invests in Employees
2.2 Personality and Values
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
1. Identify the major personality traits that are relevant to organizational behavior.
2. Explain the potential pitfalls of personality testing.
3. Describe the relationship between personality and work behaviors.
4. Understand what values are.
5. Describe the link between values and work behaviors.
1. Personality
* Personality encompasses a person’s relatively stable feelings, thoughts, and behavioral patterns.
2. Big Five Personality Traits
* Figure 2.5 The Big Five Personality Traits
1 Openness is the degree to which a person is curious, original, intellectual, creative, and open to new ideas.
2 Conscientiousness refers to the degree to which a person is organized, systematic, punctual, achievement-oriented, and dependable.
3 Extraversion is the degree to which a person is outgoing, talkative, sociable, and enjoys socializing.
4 Agreeableness is the degree to which a person is affable, tolerant, sensitive, trusting, kind, and warm.
5 Neuroticism refers to the degree to which a person is anxious, irritable, temperamental, and moody.
3. Other Personality Dimensions
1 Self-monitoring refers to the extent to which a person is capable of monitoring his or her actions and appearance in social situations.
2 Proactive personality refers to a person’s inclination to fix what is wrong, change things, and use initiative to solve problems.
3 Self-esteem is the degree to which a person has overall positive feelings about himself or herself.
4 Self-efficacy is a belief that one can perform a specific task successfully.
4. Personality Testing in Employee Selection
5. Values
* Figure 2.8 Values Included in Schwartz’s (1992) Value Inventory
* Values refer to people’s stable life goals, reflecting what is most important to them.
KEY TAKEAWAY
EXERCISES
2.3 Perception
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
1. Understand the influence of biases in the process of perception.
2. Describe how we perceive visual objects and how these tendencies may affect our behavior.
3. Describe the biases of self-perception.
4. Describe the biases inherent in our perceptions of other people.
0. Perception
* Perception is defined as the process by which individuals detect and interpret environmental stimuli.
1. Visual Perception
2. Self-Perception
3. Social Perception
KEY TAKEAWAY
EXERCISES
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