Basil (Ocimum basilicum) is one of the most popular and healthy culinary herbs in the world. Essential oil derived from basil (basil oil) through steam distillation has traditionally been used for a wide range of applications such as cooking spices, aromatherapy, perfumery, medicinal treatments, pesticides, and food preservatives. This chapter is focused on applications of basil oil in food science, especially in food flavoring, preservation, and production.