In addition to the very important applications of synthesis gas as feedstock for the manufacture of methanol or for aldehydes/alcohols from olefins via hydroformylation, it is also used by Sasol in South Africa for the manufacture
of hydrocarbons via the Fischer-Tropsch process. The hydrocarbons manufactured there are based on synthesis gas from coal (Lurgi gasification process) supplied from their own highly mechanized mines. Two different Fischer-Tropsch syntheses are operated. With the Arge process (Arbeitsgemeinschaft (joint venture) Ruhrchemie-Lurgi), higher boiling hydrocarbons such as diesel oil and wax are produced in a gas-phase reaction at 210-250°C over a fixed bed of precipitated iron catalyst. The Synthol process (a further development of the original Kellogg process) yields mainly lower boiling products such as gasoline, acetone and alcohols using a circulating fluidized bed (flue dust with circulation of the iron catalyst) at 300-340 "C and 23 bar. The expansion of the original Sasol I plant with Sasol II made a total annual production of 2.5 x 1 O6 tonnes of liquid products in 1980 possible. Sasol III, a duplicate of Sasol II, began production in 1983, increasing the total capacity to 4.5 x 106 tonnes per year.
In addition to the very important applications of synthesis gas as feedstock for the manufacture of methanol or for aldehydes/alcohols from olefins via hydroformylation, it is also used by Sasol in South Africa for the manufacture
of hydrocarbons via the Fischer-Tropsch process. The hydrocarbons manufactured there are based on synthesis gas from coal (Lurgi gasification process) supplied from their own highly mechanized mines. Two different Fischer-Tropsch syntheses are operated. With the Arge process (Arbeitsgemeinschaft (joint venture) Ruhrchemie-Lurgi), higher boiling hydrocarbons such as diesel oil and wax are produced in a gas-phase reaction at 210-250°C over a fixed bed of precipitated iron catalyst. The Synthol process (a further development of the original Kellogg process) yields mainly lower boiling products such as gasoline, acetone and alcohols using a circulating fluidized bed (flue dust with circulation of the iron catalyst) at 300-340 "C and 23 bar. The expansion of the original Sasol I plant with Sasol II made a total annual production of 2.5 x 1 O6 tonnes of liquid products in 1980 possible. Sasol III, a duplicate of Sasol II, began production in 1983, increasing the total capacity to 4.5 x 106 tonnes per year.
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