Sugarcane is the most important sugar and bioenergy crop in the world. The selection and combination of parents for crossing relyonanunderstandingoftheirgeneticstructuresandmoleculardiversity.Inthepresentstudy,115sugarcanegenotypesusedfor parentalcrossingweregenotypedbasedonfivegenomicsimplesequencerepeatmarker(gSSR)lociand88polymorphicallelesof loci(100%)asdetectedbycapillaryelectrophoresis.Thevaluesofgeneticdiversityparametersacrossthepopulationsindicatethat thegeneticvariationintrapopulation(90.5%)wasmuchlargerthanthatofinterpopulation(9.5%).Clusteranalysisrevealedthat therewerethreegroupstermedasgroupsI,II,andIIIwithinthe115genotypes.Thegenotypesreleasedbyeachbreedingprogramme showedclosergeneticrelationships,excepttheYCseriesreleasedbyHainansugarcanebreedingstation.Usingprinciplecomponent analysis (PCA), the first and second principal components accounted for a cumulative 76% of the total variances, in which 43% were for common parents and 33% were for new parents, respectively. The knowledge obtained in this study should be useful to future breeding programs for increasing genetic diversity of sugarcane varieties and cultivars to meet the demand of sugarcane cultivationforsugarandbioenergyuse.