They can improve calcium absorption by increasing calcium solubility through reduction of pH in the intestine, and by improving proliferation of epithelial cells in the large intestine. Casein phosphopeptides (CPPs) are considered as potential promoters of calcium absorption by the human gut. CPPs, both commercial preparation and single purified CPP, were able to promote calcium uptake (Cosentino et al., 2010, Ferraretto et al., 2003 and Ferraretto et al., 2001).