This study’s main results indicated that (a) managers’ mean total listening
behaviors scores were very high; (b) listening training did not significantly affect the
listening behaviors of managers; (c) educational level did not significantly affect the
listening behaviors of managers; and (d) the amount of tenure did not significantly affect
the listening behaviors of managers. Although these key findings were consistent with
some previous literature and research studies, the results also confirm the scant research
regarding the effect listening training, educational level, and the amount of tenure have
on the listening behaviors of managers because some previous empirical research studies
show otherwise. Thus, a larger population of managers might have shown, in some of the
hypotheses, that listening training and educational level do affect managers’ listening
behaviors