The current study demonstrated that for older adults experiencing persistent pain, massage is associated
with self-report of less limitation due to physical or emotional issues, better emotional health, more energy/
less fatigue, better social functioning, and better overall health. Age, education, cumulative morbidities, number
of areas in which participants reported experiencing persistent pain, and number of complementary and alternative
medicine options in addition to MT utilized in the past year did not affect the association between
receipt of massage and better self-reports in those domains.