that when adding waxy rice flour to rice starch the spread of highly
swollen waxy rice granules reduced the degree of retrogradation
of the freeze-thawed rice starch gel. After the fifth freeze-thaw
cycle, the firmness of cake samples substituted with 0%, 10%, and
15% WRF was raised by 62.17%, 42.64%, and 51.60%, respectively
(Table 2). The cake samples with 15% WRF substitution had some
dense gummy layer; therefore, they had higher firmness values
than those with 10% WRF substitution. These results showed that
the substitution of WRF for WF at levels of 10% and 15% improved
the firmness of freeze-thawed cake.