This paper explores the extent to which the Esprit HR initiative has been embedded into the Hilton organization by examining line managers understanding of their role, including their involvement and commitment to HRM and HRD activities. Within the organisation there is no differentiation between the functions of HRM and HRD. These are seen as being integrated activities within the umbrella title of Human Resources. As a result of this approach, it is necessary to review literature that addresses the role of line managers from both HRM and HRD perspectives.