Bladder (most common)
Overstretch or irritation of bladder wall
Urinary tract infection
Urinary retention
Blocked catheter
Overfilled collection bag
Bladder stones
Noncompliance with intermittent catheterisation program
Bowel
Over distention or irritation
Constipation / impaction
Distention during bowel program (digital stimulation)
Haemorrhoids or anal fissures
Infection or irritation (eg. appendicitis)
Skin-related Disorders
Any direct irritant below the level of injury (eg. - prolonged pressure by object in shoe or wheelchair, cut, bruise, abrasion)
Pressure sores (decubitus ulcer)
Ingrown toenails
Burns (eg. - sunburn, burns from using hot water)
Tight or restrictive clothing or pressure to skin from sitting on wrinkled clothing
Sexual Activity
Over stimulation during sexual activity [stimuli to the pelvic region which would ordinarily be painful if sensation were present]
Menstrual cramps
Labour and delivery
Other
Heterotopic ossification ("Myositis ossificans", "Heterotopic bone")
Acute abdominal conditions (gastric ulcer, colitis, peritonitis)
Skeletal fractures