Managers engage in three levels of strategic planning (Gary Dessler, 2005): the corporate-level
strategy; the business-level strategy and the function-level strategy. The functional strategy should
serve the overall company strategy so the corporate strategy could be implemented more effectively
and efficiently. As for Walmart, its corporate-level strategy and business-level strategy, as we analyzed
above, is the low cost leadership. Then we’ll focus on its functional strategy, especially its HR strategy.
Besides the above factors, Walmart builds its low cost leader on employment policies that help it to
achieve extraordinarily low employment costs. Through low-cost HR activities, Walmart tried to
maintain its predominate competitive advantage.