To northern hemisphere English speakers, the New Zealand accent is virtually indistinguishable from that of its giant Australian neighbour. But difference are there, and reflect the different histories of settlement and aboriginal relations of the two antipodean nations. Unlike Australia, which was probably settled by humans over 50,000 years ago, New Zealand was the last habitable landmass in the world to be colonised. The Polynesian ancestors of the Maori arrived only at about 1150-1200 AD, several centuries after Scandinavians and Inuit arrived in Iceland and Greenland. The first English-speaking settlers arrived in Aotearoa (to use New Zealand's Maori name) in 1792; they were Australian rather than British, and were sealers from the recently established penal colony at Port Jackson (now Sydney). The trickle of settlers from Australia and Britain (and Ireland and America) increased during the early 19th century, and became a flood after British and Maori chieftains signed the 1840 Treaty of Waitangi, the founding document of New Zealand. Large-scale organised settlement from both Britain and Australia began, and by mid-century the indigenous Maori were outnumbered by the incoming Pakeha (as people of European ancestry were and are called).