Case study 48
London london’s overall public transport network is characterised by a well-established rail network complemented by an extensive bus network and a ferry network. These networks are integrated by multi-modal stations designed for ease of interchange for high volumes of passengers. At major stations, purpose built bus interchanges have been developed to be within walking distance of the railway and underground stations, often manned by bus station staff and furbished with real time information systems (e.g. Countdown – which shows the number of minutes until the next bus is due to arrive).
2. Case study : Hong Kong
Hong Kong public transport services include railways, trams, buses, minibuses, taxis and ferries. This results in very high public transit mode share (90%) and very low vehicle ownership rates (50 vehicles per 1000 population). Hong Kong transport services are provided by several operators.
3. Case study : Singapore 49
Singapore is considered an international leader in integrated multi-modal transport planning. It established the world’s first area licensing and electronic road pricing systems, and uses a quota system to limit vehicle ownership. The government makes continued investments in transport infrastructure.