This paper reviews freshwater use in inland and coastal aquaculture. Marine cultures, such as marine
finfish cage culture (salmon, seabass, cobia, etc.), mollusc cultivation and seaweed production are
excluded. Today, fishes and crustaceans are mainly raised in ponds; the 16 finfish species with the
highest aquaculture production, for example, are mainly raised in ponds and represent 75% of the global
finfish aquaculture production (Table 1; www.fao.org). Pond systems are even more important for
crustacean culture, where almost the entire global production is raised in ponds. Therefore, this paper
focuses on water use in pond aquaculture.