Next I would like to talk about the risk factors of cardiovascular disease. There are two groups; modifiable and Non-modifiable risk factors. Modifiable risks include
High blood cholesterol: This include high total cholestrol or LDL-cholesterol combind with low HDL-cholesterol,
Diabetes: high glucose level can modify LDL particle.
High blood pressure or blood pressure is higher than 140 / 90.
Smoking: can causes endothelial cell inflammation which can tricker atherogenesis. People who smoke will increase the risk of heart disease 5 times when compared to non-smokers.
Overweight and obesity people who has obesity often contains a high cholesterol and glucose.
Unhealthy eating such as eat too much oily food, often eat sweet and don't usually eat fruits and vegetables.
Stress and anger Stress causes the rising of blood pressure.
Uncontrollable risks include
Age: weman age over 45 years old and men age over 55 years old have higher risk than younger people. However, fat people have many underlying disease that can make this disease occur in younger people.
Gender: Male has more risk than female. Male has lower HDL than female. Moreover in male, testosterone not only resulted in increased aggression and competitive behavior but also increase the level of LDL cholesterol, which increases the risk of cardiovascular disease.While in women,estrogen reduces the levels of LDL cholesterol and increase the levels of HDL cholesterol.
The final and the most important factor is Family history: people who has a relative including fathermor mother or your brother and sister has CVD before 60 years old would have higher risk