One is struck by the parallels between Mrs. Graham’s class and the inquiring geologist. The geologist began his investigation with a question about an unusual and intriguing observation of nature. So did Mrs. Graham’s children. The scientist then undertook a closer examination of the environment — asked new and more focused questions — and proposed an explanation for what he observed, applying his knowledge of plate tectonics. The children applied their knowledge to formulate several explanations and new questions before undertaking further investigations. The scientist, knowing of investigations by other scientists, used their findings to confirm the validity of his original explanation. In Mrs. Graham’s class, groups whose explanations were not confirmed lent strength to the “excess water” explanation. The geologist published his findings. The children “published” their findings in their reports to their classmates and later in a letter to the custodian. Although scientific research does not always influence public policy, the geologist’s discoveries resulted in building code revisions in Washington and Oregon. The children’s investigations led to revised lawn watering procedures at their school.
Inquiry in the classroom can take many forms. Investigations can be highly structured by the teacher so that students proceed toward known outcomes, such as discovering regularities in the movement of pendulums (as noted in the Foreword and in the classroom vignette on pages 146-147 of the National Science Education Standards). Or investigations can be free-ranging explorations of unexplained phenomena, like the tree leaf discrepancies in Mrs. Graham’s schoolyard. The form that inquiry
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Suggested Citation: "1 Inquiry in Science and in Classrooms." National Research Council. Inquiry and the National Science Education Standards: A Guide for Teaching and Learning. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2000. doi:10.17226/9596 ×
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takes depends largely on the educational goals for students, and because these goals are diverse, highly structured and more open-ended inquiries both have their place in science classrooms.
The chapters that follow explore the dimensions of teaching and learning science as inquiry across a broad range of ages and scientific topics. The intention is to improve the quality of student learning by enabling them to acquire the abilities of inquiry, develop knowledge of scientific ideas, and understand the work of scientists.
One is struck by the parallels between Mrs. Graham’s class and the inquiring geologist. The geologist began his investigation with a question about an unusual and intriguing observation of nature. So did Mrs. Graham’s children. The scientist then undertook a closer examination of the environment — asked new and more focused questions — and proposed an explanation for what he observed, applying his knowledge of plate tectonics. The children applied their knowledge to formulate several explanations and new questions before undertaking further investigations. The scientist, knowing of investigations by other scientists, used their findings to confirm the validity of his original explanation. In Mrs. Graham’s class, groups whose explanations were not confirmed lent strength to the “excess water” explanation. The geologist published his findings. The children “published” their findings in their reports to their classmates and later in a letter to the custodian. Although scientific research does not always influence public policy, the geologist’s discoveries resulted in building code revisions in Washington and Oregon. The children’s investigations led to revised lawn watering procedures at their school.Inquiry in the classroom can take many forms. Investigations can be highly structured by the teacher so that students proceed toward known outcomes, such as discovering regularities in the movement of pendulums (as noted in the Foreword and in the classroom vignette on pages 146-147 of the National Science Education Standards). Or investigations can be free-ranging explorations of unexplained phenomena, like the tree leaf discrepancies in Mrs. Graham’s schoolyard. The form that inquiryPage 11Suggested Citation: "1 Inquiry in Science and in Classrooms." National Research Council. Inquiry and the National Science Education Standards: A Guide for Teaching and Learning. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2000. doi:10.17226/9596 ×Add a note to your bookmarkSaveCanceltakes depends largely on the educational goals for students, and because these goals are diverse, highly structured and more open-ended inquiries both have their place in science classrooms.The chapters that follow explore the dimensions of teaching and learning science as inquiry across a broad range of ages and scientific topics. The intention is to improve the quality of student learning by enabling them to acquire the abilities of inquiry, develop knowledge of scientific ideas, and understand the work of scientists.
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