Alternatively, sponsoring firms might direct their efforts toward spectators
exhibiting low levels of team identification. An argument can be made that
highly identified fans will exhibit positive sponsorship outcomes (e.g.
patronage, increased satisfaction, positive attitude toward sponsoring brands)
without additional promotional expense from the firm. Therefore, the real
opportunity may lie in creating awareness and increased patronage behaviors
among those less identified with the sports team. These individuals should be
targeted for supplemental promotional attention. For example, direct mail
linking the event and the sponsoring brand can be sent to these consumers
prior to the event. Of course, a substantial challenge exists in identifying
these individuals. While fan association information could be used to
distinguish highly identified fans, sports organizations are less likely to have
identifying information for less identified fans, because, according to our
results, they are less likely to be season ticket holders, alumni, booster club
members, etc. Because of these drawbacks, a better approach may be to
manipulate factors that will increase a fan’s identification with a team or
sport organization. Sutton et al. (1997) have suggested that increasing
community involvement activities, creating opportunities for fan affiliation
and participation with the team, making the team and its players accessible to
the public, and reinforcing the team’s tradition can serve to increase team
identification.
Alternatively, sponsoring firms might direct their efforts toward spectators
exhibiting low levels of team identification. An argument can be made that
highly identified fans will exhibit positive sponsorship outcomes (e.g.
patronage, increased satisfaction, positive attitude toward sponsoring brands)
without additional promotional expense from the firm. Therefore, the real
opportunity may lie in creating awareness and increased patronage behaviors
among those less identified with the sports team. These individuals should be
targeted for supplemental promotional attention. For example, direct mail
linking the event and the sponsoring brand can be sent to these consumers
prior to the event. Of course, a substantial challenge exists in identifying
these individuals. While fan association information could be used to
distinguish highly identified fans, sports organizations are less likely to have
identifying information for less identified fans, because, according to our
results, they are less likely to be season ticket holders, alumni, booster club
members, etc. Because of these drawbacks, a better approach may be to
manipulate factors that will increase a fan’s identification with a team or
sport organization. Sutton et al. (1997) have suggested that increasing
community involvement activities, creating opportunities for fan affiliation
and participation with the team, making the team and its players accessible to
the public, and reinforcing the team’s tradition can serve to increase team
identification.
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