2.5.1. Identification and quantification of carotenoids
Carotenoids were identified by comparing the retention times
and absorption spectra with reference standards, as well as cochromatography
with added standards. In addition, the cis-isomers
were identified based on UV–visible spectral characteristics
together with previous carotenoids separations on C30 columns,
i.e. order of elution or relative retention time compared to the