Vitamin K is a fat-soluble vitamin occurring in two biologically active forms. Vitamin K1 (phylloquinone), the most common form of vitamin K, is present in green, leafy vegetables and certain vegetable oils [1]. Vitamin K2 (menaquinones) occurs in animal products such as meat, eggs and fermented foods like cheese and curd [2]. Vitamin K functions as a cofactor for the gamma-glutamyl carboxylation of certain glutamate (Gla) residues which are present in the liver as coagulation factors and extra-hepatically as for instance osteocalcin in bone and matrix Gla-protein (MGP) in the vessel wall [3]. MGP serves as a strong local inhibitor of vascular calcification [4]. Human and rat studies showed that, in response to a low phylloquinone intake, hepatic vitamin K-dependent proteins have preferential utilization of phylloquinone over extra-hepatic vitamin K-dependent proteins [5] and [6]. Therefore, a diet low in vitamin K predominantly leads to undercarboxylation of extra-hepatic Gla-proteins, such as MGP, rather than undercarboxylation of coagulation factors in the liver.