It's an idea that's been tried before, but not as successfully.
The genetically modified "Golden Rice" was loaded with Vitamin A to tackle the same problems but proved highly controversial, with critics saying that only organic ways of delivering Vitamin A should be relied on.
Although biofortification can sometimes involve genetic modification, Dr Mwanga and his fellow sweet potato researchers only use conventional breeding methods.
The work which won the World Food Prize has been hailed as the single most successful example of biofortification.
However, Dr Mwanga says that the promotion and advertising of such highly beneficial crops is sorely lacking.
"Everywhere you go, you can see advertisements for soft drinks, alcohol, and other foods, but not for agricultural products. We do not have a culture of promoting such things, even though they can save lives."