Compared with the untreated cancer cell line and isolated L. lactis subsp. Lactis from the intestinal tract as control, cell viability decreased significantly (P 0.05) in all of the human cancer cell lines treated by L. lactis subsp. Lactis 44Lac 30% (v/v) secretion metabolites (Fig. 1, Panels AeD). Moreover, cell viability in all of the treated cancer cells did not show a significant difference (P > 0.05) between Taxol and L. lactis subsp. Lactis 44Lac 30% (v/v) secretion metabolites treated groups, indicating that secretions act similarly to Taxol with regard to anti-cancer effects (Fig. 2, Panels AeD).