as well as a no-template control (water instead of sample) and a no-amplification control (containing plasmid standard and 0.01% SDS). PCR efficiency was calculated from threshold cycles of these standard dilution steps. As a positive control the DNA extracts from all used isolates were
also tested with a the beta-tubulin PCR assay targeting all Fusarium species described in Yli-Mattila et al. (2004) GenBank accession numbers for beta-tubulin
sequences obtained from 16 Austrian Fusarium iso- lates used in this study are included in Table 1.