Numerical studies have shown that the prediction accuracy of
air velocity and temperature distribution is highly influenced by
the location and type of air diffusers [13–15]. For instance, Sun
and Smith [16] studied the air flow characteristics close to the
square cone diffuser, and found that the offset and lips of the
diffuser worked together to determine the discharge air angles.
FADS also serves the functions of ducts and diffusers as it can
transmit and distribute the airflow. Therefore, as a new diffuser,
the performance of FADS such as fiber penetrability would affect
airflow dispersion characteristics. The performance is, in turn influenced
by many factors, e.g. the fiber porosity, fiber diameter and
the textile technology, etc. For example, Lekakou and Bader [17]
numerically studied the effect of parameters, including fiber volume
fraction, fiber tow diameter and injection pressure, on the
fluid through woven cloths. They pointed out that the apparent
global permeability depended on the injection pressure, and, its
variations also depended on the fabric architecture and fiber volume
fraction in the regime of relatively low injection pressures.
The research by Kwon et al. [18] showed that the decrease in the
fiber diameter of the fabric decreased fiber porosity, but increased
fiber density and mechanical strength. However,the effects ofthese
factors on the characteristics of air velocity and pressure inside
FADS are rarely studied. According to our previous work, the static
pressure inside was the main power to overcome the total resistances
due to porous fiber and to distribute airflow within a room.
Numerical studies have shown that the prediction accuracy ofair velocity and temperature distribution is highly influenced bythe location and type of air diffusers [13–15]. For instance, Sunand Smith [16] studied the air flow characteristics close to thesquare cone diffuser, and found that the offset and lips of thediffuser worked together to determine the discharge air angles.FADS also serves the functions of ducts and diffusers as it cantransmit and distribute the airflow. Therefore, as a new diffuser,the performance of FADS such as fiber penetrability would affectairflow dispersion characteristics. The performance is, in turn influencedby many factors, e.g. the fiber porosity, fiber diameter andthe textile technology, etc. For example, Lekakou and Bader [17]numerically studied the effect of parameters, including fiber volumefraction, fiber tow diameter and injection pressure, on thefluid through woven cloths. They pointed out that the apparentglobal permeability depended on the injection pressure, and, itsvariations also depended on the fabric architecture and fiber volumefraction in the regime of relatively low injection pressures.The research by Kwon et al. [18] showed that the decrease in thefiber diameter of the fabric decreased fiber porosity, but increasedfiber density and mechanical strength. However,the effects ofthesefactors on the characteristics of air velocity and pressure insideFADS are rarely studied. According to our previous work, the staticpressure inside was the main power to overcome the total resistancesdue to porous fiber and to distribute airflow within a room.
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