the species of bipedal primates to which modern humans belong, characterized by a brain capacity averaging 1400 cc (85cu. in.) and by dependence upon language and the creation and utilization of complex tools. All humans now living belong to the subspecies Homo sapiens sapiens. The closest living relative of Homo sapiens is the chimpanzee. See more at archaic Homo sapiens , Cro-Magnon, Neanderthal.