One theory is that natural gas was formed millions of years ago when plants and tiny sea animals were buried by sand and rock. Layers of mud, sand, rock, plant, and animal matter continued to build up until the pressure and heat turned them into oil and natural gas. Another theory proposes that the earth is made up of primordial materials that combined in space billions of years ago when the basic structure of the earth evolved. The materials are still buried far below the earth's crust where they have been trapped for 4.5 billion years.
Offshore drilling platformTo locate natural gas, geologic mapping, surveys and aerial photographs are used. Recent technology is helping find natural gas more accurately: magnetic measurement (measure of the magnetic field of base rock to determine how much sediment is lying above it), satellite imagery (helps identify surface structures and patterns that aid in the search for probable underlying hydrocarbon deposits), gravity mapping (determines the thickness of the basin or sedimentary rock layer and helps identify base rock topography), and seismic sound wave reflection (measures the time to various rock units that reflect acoustic energy). Gas is recovered through wells on-shore or off-shore.
One theory is that natural gas was formed millions of years ago when plants and tiny sea animals were buried by sand and rock. Layers of mud, sand, rock, plant, and animal matter continued to build up until the pressure and heat turned them into oil and natural gas. Another theory proposes that the earth is made up of primordial materials that combined in space billions of years ago when the basic structure of the earth evolved. The materials are still buried far below the earth's crust where they have been trapped for 4.5 billion years.
Offshore drilling platformTo locate natural gas, geologic mapping, surveys and aerial photographs are used. Recent technology is helping find natural gas more accurately: magnetic measurement (measure of the magnetic field of base rock to determine how much sediment is lying above it), satellite imagery (helps identify surface structures and patterns that aid in the search for probable underlying hydrocarbon deposits), gravity mapping (determines the thickness of the basin or sedimentary rock layer and helps identify base rock topography), and seismic sound wave reflection (measures the time to various rock units that reflect acoustic energy). Gas is recovered through wells on-shore or off-shore.
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