In conclusion, we have developed a new strategy to prepare threedimensional
GOF membrane. 1, 4-phenylene diisocyanate (PDI)was selected
as a cross-linking for covalent modification of GO nanosheets to
prepare three-dimensional GOF, which was used for the fabrication of
GOF membrane for seawater desalination by pervaporation. With PDI
modification of the GO nanosheets, carbamate esters were formed between
the GO nanosheets, and thus the interlay spacing of GOF layer
was expanded to form three-dimensional GOF membrane. Attributing
to three-dimensional membrane structure, the resistance of the mass
transferring can be reduced and thus increasing water flux of the GOF
membranes. The developed GOF membranes displayed high desalination
performances. At 90 °C, thewater flux through the 18 μmthickness
of GOF membrane is 11.4 kg·m−2·h−1, with ion rejections of over
99.9% for desalination of 3.5wt.% seawater. The GOFmembrane showed
an excellent separation performance during a long-term operation at
75 °C for 120 h. It is noteworthy that the GOF membranes show high
performance in treating high concentration (10 wt.%) of salt solution.
These outstanding properties recommend the robust GOF membranes
a promising candidate for desalination of seawater and brackish water.