The mid-1960's saw an explosion of research in many areas of nonverbal
communication. For instance, Argyle and Dean (1965) studied eye contact and
how it related to conversational distance. Exline and his colleagues examined
patterns of looking while speaking and looking while listening (Exline, Gray, &
Schuette, 1965). Hess produced several interesting studies on pupil dilation
published in Scientific American (Hess, 1975). Sommer ( 1969) studied the
environment and personal space. Rosenthal (1967) discovered that expectations
made by teachers and researchers can influence their outcomes, and that subtle
nonverbal cues may play an important role in this process. Mehrabian (1969)
studied the nonverbal cues of liking and immediacy.