Psychoanalytical Approaches to Treatment
Although psychoanalysts make use of different listening perspectives from drive, ego, object relations, self psychology, and/or relational psychology, they tend Ur uSe similar approaches to treatment. In their goals for therapy, they stress the value of insights into unconscious motivations. In their use* of tests and in their lis¬tening to patients' dreams or other material, they concentrate on understanding unconscious material. Depending on whether they do psychoanalysis or psycho¬analytic therapy, their stance of neutrality and/or empathy toward the patient may vary. However, both treatments deal with the resistance of the patient in understanding unconscious material. Iiach of these issues is discussed more extensively later in this chapter, as are therapeutic approaches.