(c) Determination of Firmness (N): Firmness (N) measurements were performed with a universal testing machine (Comietech, Type B, Taiwan) equipped with a 2000 N load cell and operated at a crosshead speed of 20 mm/ min. The force needed to compress the disk to 15 mm with a flat-plate probe (25 mm diameter) was registered. All measurements were performed at 25 °C as reported by Susana and Almeida (2008).