21.Eating fish is not a more ethical or environmentally sound alternative to other animal protein sources. Scientific studies show fish feel pain when they are injured. [37] In addition, wild fish are severely impacted by overfishing. According to a peer-reviewed 2006 study published in Science, 29% of all commercially fished species have suffered population collapse, and at current fishing levels all harvested species will have collapsed by 2048. [38]
22.Eating fish is not necessary to maintain optimal health, and can even have negative health effects. Omega-3 acids (which can be found in fish) are crucial for health, [125] but the mercury that contaminates most seafood is not. The omega-3 acid ALA is found in vegetarian sources like walnut, flax, and olive oils, and is converted by the body into EPA and DHA—the essential omega-3 acids found in fish. According to peer-reviewed research in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, the omega-3 ALA is sufficient to meet the dietary needs of humans. [54] In terms of mercury contamination in seafood, the US EPA states that "nearly all fish and shellfish" are contaminated by methylmercury (a potent neurotoxin) from industrial pollution. [39]
23.A vegetarian diet would improve worker safety. Meatpacking workers are injured at a rate of 27.6 per 100 workers - double the average of all manufacturing industries. [114] Human Rights Watch has called meatpacking "the most dangerous factory job in America." [111]
CON Vegetarian
1.Eating meat is not cruel or unethical; it is a natural part of the cycle of life. Vegetarians mistakenly elevate the value of animal life over plant life. Research shows that plants respond electrochemically to threats and may feel fear, [98] so vegetarians are also causing harm every time they kill and eat a plant. Every organism on earth dies or is killed, at some point, so others organisms can live. There is nothing wrong with this cycle; it is how nature works.
2.Eating meat has been an essential part of human evolution for 2.3 million years. [14] The inclusion of meat in the ancestral diet provided a dense form of nutrients and protein that, when combined with high-calorie low-nutrient carbohydrates such as roots, allowed us to develop our large brains and intelligence. [63] Evidence shows our taste buds evolved to crave meat's savory flavor. [57]
3.Meat is the most convenient protein source available. In one serving, meat provides all the essential amino acids (the building blocks of protein), as well as essential nutrients such as iron, zinc, and B vitamins. [61] Most plant foods do not provide adequate levels of all the essential amino acids in a single serving.
4.Eating meat provides healthy saturated fats, which enhance the function of the immune and nervous systems. Saturated fats contain the fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E and K, [49] and the cholesterol from saturated animal fat is needed for the proper function of serotonin receptors in the brain. According to a Feb. 7, 2014 study by researchers at the Institute of Social Medicine and Epidemiology, vegetarians "suffer significantly more often from anxiety disorder and/or depression." [133] Low cholesterol levels have been linked to depression. Saturated fats are also essential for building and maintaining cell health, and help the body absorb calcium. [101]
5.Meat is the best source of vitamin B12, a vitamin necessary to nervous and digestive system health. Although it is also found in eggs and dairy, [46] a peer-reviewed July 2003 study showed two in three vegetarians were vitamin B12 deficient compared to one in 20 meat eaters. [47]
6.Eating meat provides a better source of iron than a vegetarian diet. The body absorbs 15% to 35% of the heme iron in meat, but only absorbs 2% to 20% of the non-heme iron found in vegetarian sources like leafy greens and beans. [3]
7.A meat-centered diet can help with weight loss. It takes fewer calories to get protein from lean meat than it does from vegetarian options. One serving of lean beef (3 oz.) contains as much protein as one serving of beans (1½ cups) or a veggie burger. However, the lean beef has half the calories of beans (180 vs. 374), and 50%-75% fewer calories than the veggie burger. [61] [15]
8.Raising beef is often the most efficient way to produce food for humans. About 85% of US grazing land is not suitable for raising crops humans can eat. [27] Today 98% of the original American prairie lands, along with their native plants and animals, are gone. [60] Most of that land is now covered in corn and wheat fields. Natural prairie grasslands can coexist with sustainable herds of cattle or bison, but they cannot coexist with monocrop agriculture.
9.Vegetarian diets are not necessarily better for the environment. About 90% of US cropland suffers from top soil loss at 13 times the sustainable rate. [42] 92% of US soybeans (a vegetarian staple protein) are planted with genetically modified soy, immune to herbicides. [43] This immunity allows soy farmers to douse their fields with large quantities of weed-killing herbicides which are toxic to other plants and fish. Some scientists worry that increased herbicide use could create "super weeds." [44]
10.Vegetarians do not live longer. This myth stems from the fact that vegetarians tend to be more health conscious overall, eating a more balanced diet, exercising more, and smoking less than the general population. When a peer-reviewed Apr. 11, 2005 study from the German Cancer Research Center compared health conscious meat eaters with vegetarians, there was no difference in overall mortality rates. [56]
11.US meat consumption does not significantly contribute to global deforestation, or loss of US forest land. In 2001 about 95% [18] of animal products consumed in the United States were produced in the United States. Despite the US consumption of about 27 billion pounds of beef per year, [26] the percentage of forested US land has remained steady at around 33% since 1907. [19]
12.Processed vegetarian protein options such as tofu can cause more greenhouse gas pollution than farming meat. A 2010 report from the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) found that the production of soy-based proteins such as tofu could contribute more to greenhouse gas emissions than eating locally produced meat. [16] According to a peer-reviewed 2009 study, giving up all animal products would only give a 7% reduction in green house gas emissions, [106] not enough to be worth the dietary sacrifice.
13.Becoming vegetarian will not help alleviate world hunger. The 925 million [105] people in chronic hunger worldwide are not hungry because people in wealthy countries eat too much meat. The problem is one of economics and distribution. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, the world "currently produces enough food for everybody, but many people do not have access to it." [108]
14.A diet that includes fish provides the body with essential omega-3 fatty acids. Fish are a powerful source of the omega-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA which are important for brain function, lowering triglycerides, and reducing the risk of death from heart attacks and strokes. [52] Although the omega-3 fatty acid ALA can be found in plant oils, the ALA must first be converted by the body into the essential EPA and DHA. The process is inefficient and may not provide the same cardiovascular benefits as eating fish. [53]
15.Saturated fats from meat are not to blame for modern diseases like heart disease, cancer, and obesity. Chemically processed and hydrogenated vegetable oils like corn and canola cause these conditions because they contain harmful free radicals and trans fats formed during chemical processing. [46] [49]
16.Lean red meat, eaten in moderation, can be a healthful part of a balanced diet. According to researchers at the British Nutrition Foundation, "there is no evidence" that moderate consumption of unprocessed lean red meat has any negative health effects. [50] However, charring meat during cooking can create over 20 chemicals linked to cancer, [51] and the World Cancer Research Fund finds that processed meats like bacon, sausage, and salami, which contain preservatives such as nitrates, are strongly associated with bowel cancer and should be avoided. They emphasize that lean, unprocessed red meat can be a valuable source of nutrients and do not recommend that people remove red meat from their diets entirely, but rather, that they limit consumption to 11 ounces per week or less. [48]
17.Modern slaughter techniques minimize the suffering of animals. US slaughterhouses must conform to the Humane Methods of Slaughter Act (HMSA) which mandates that livestock be stunned unconscious before slaughter. [65] Many of the largest US meat producers also adhere to the handling standards developed by Dr. Temple Grandin [87][89] which factor in animal psychology to design transportation devices, stockyards, loading ramps, and restraining systems that minimize stress and calm animals as they are led to slaughter. [88]
18.There is nothing inherently cruel about raising animals for food. There is a growing movement to raise "cruelty free" organic meat. In the United States, animals raised for certified organic meat must be given access to the outdoors, clean air, and water. They cannot be given growth hormones or antibiotics and must be fed organically-grown feed free of animal byproducts. [85] According to a 2007 report from the Range Improvement Task Force, organic meat accounted for 3% of total US meat production. [84] By the end of 2012 "natural and organic" beef accounted for 4% of total beef sales in the United States. [129]
19.The right to eat what we want, including meat, is a fundamental liberty that we must defend. Animal-rights and health groups are attempting to control personal behavior, and many would like to see meat consumption severely restricted—if not outlawed—through the use of lawsuits, heavy taxation
21. กินปลาไม่เป็นมีจริยธรรม หรือสิ่งแวดล้อมเสียงทางเลือกแหล่งโปรตีนสัตว์อื่น ๆ การศึกษาทางวิทยาศาสตร์แสดงให้ปลารู้สึกเจ็บปวดเมื่อมีการบาดเจ็บ [37] นอกจากนี้ ปลาป่าได้รับผลกระทบอย่างรุนแรง โดย overfishing ตาม 2006 ที่เพียร์-ทบทวนศึกษาเผยแพร่ในวิทยาศาสตร์ 29% พันธุ์ในเชิงพาณิชย์ fished ทั้งหมดได้รับความเดือดร้อนยุบประชากร และประมงระดับปัจจุบัน harvested พันธุ์ทั้งหมดที่จะมียุบ โดย 2048 [38] 22. กินปลาไม่จำเป็นต้องรักษาสุขภาพดีที่สุด และแม้จะมีผลลบสุขภาพ กรดโอเมก้า-3 (ซึ่งสามารถพบได้ในปลา) มีความสำคัญสำหรับสุขภาพ, [125] แต่ปรอทที่ contaminates อาหารทะเลส่วนใหญ่ไม่ กรดโอเมก้า-3 อลาพบในแหล่งอาหารมังสวิรัติเช่นวอลนัท ลินิน และมะกอกน้ำมัน และจะถูกแปลงตามร่างกายเป็น EPA และดีเอชเอคือกรดโอเมก้า 3 จำเป็นพบในปลา ตามตรวจสอบเพียร์ในแบบอเมริกันสมุดรายวันของคลินิกโภชนาการ อลาโอเมก้า 3 เพียงพอเพื่อตอบสนองความต้องการอาหารของมนุษย์ [54] ในแง่ของการปนเปื้อนสารปรอทในทะเล สหรัฐอเมริการะบุว่า มีการปนเปื้อนสาร "เกือบทั้งหมดปลาและหอย" โดย methylmercury (neurotoxin มีศักยภาพ) จากมลพิษอุตสาหกรรม [39]อาหารเจ 23.A จะปรับปรุงความปลอดภัยของผู้ปฏิบัติงาน Meatpacking คนมีการบาดเจ็บในอัตรา 27.6 ต่อ 100 คน - คู่กับค่าเฉลี่ยของอุตสาหกรรมการผลิตทั้งหมด ตรวจสอบสิทธิมนุษยชน [114] เรียก meatpacking "อันตรายที่สุดโรงงานในอเมริกา" [111] เจคอน1.กินเนื้อสัตว์ไม่ได้โหดร้าย หรือ ศีลธรรม เป็นส่วนหนึ่งของวงจรชีวิตของธรรมชาติ มังสวิรัติยกระดับพันธมิตรค่าของชีวิตสัตว์อายุพืชโดยผิดพลาด วิจัยพบว่าพืชตอบสนองต่อการคุกคามด้าน electrochemically และอาจรู้สึกกลัว มังสวิรัติ [98] นั้นมีสาเหตุอันตรายทุกครั้งที่จะฆ่า และกินพืช ทุกสิ่งมีชีวิตบนโลกตาย หรือถูกฆ่าตาย ในบางจุด ดังนั้นบางสิ่งมีชีวิตสามารถอาศัยอยู่ ไม่มีอะไรผิดปกติกับนี้วงจร วิธีการทำงานของธรรมชาติได้2.กินเนื้อสัตว์ได้เป็นส่วนสำคัญของวิวัฒนาการมนุษย์ 2.3 ล้านปี [14] การรวมเนื้อสัตว์ในอาหารโบราณให้แบบความหนาแน่นของสารอาหารและโปรตีนที่ รวมกับคาร์โบไฮเดรตอาหารต่ำแคลอรี่สูงเช่นราก ทำให้เราพัฒนาสมองใหญ่และปัญญาของเรา [63] หลักฐานแสดงรสของเราพัฒนาหื่นของเนื้อรสเผ็ด [57]3.เนื้อสัตว์เป็นแหล่งโปรตีนสะดวกพร้อมใช้งาน ในการให้บริการหนึ่ง เนื้อให้ทั้งหมดจำเป็นกรดอะมิโน (การสร้างบล็อกของโปรตีน), และสารอาหารที่จำเป็นเช่นเหล็ก สังกะสี และวิตามิน B [61] ส่วนใหญ่พืชอาหารให้เพียงพอในระดับทั้งหมดจำเป็นกรดอะมิโนในบริการเดียว4.Eating meat provides healthy saturated fats, which enhance the function of the immune and nervous systems. Saturated fats contain the fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E and K, [49] and the cholesterol from saturated animal fat is needed for the proper function of serotonin receptors in the brain. According to a Feb. 7, 2014 study by researchers at the Institute of Social Medicine and Epidemiology, vegetarians "suffer significantly more often from anxiety disorder and/or depression." [133] Low cholesterol levels have been linked to depression. Saturated fats are also essential for building and maintaining cell health, and help the body absorb calcium. [101] 5.Meat is the best source of vitamin B12, a vitamin necessary to nervous and digestive system health. Although it is also found in eggs and dairy, [46] a peer-reviewed July 2003 study showed two in three vegetarians were vitamin B12 deficient compared to one in 20 meat eaters. [47]6.Eating meat provides a better source of iron than a vegetarian diet. The body absorbs 15% to 35% of the heme iron in meat, but only absorbs 2% to 20% of the non-heme iron found in vegetarian sources like leafy greens and beans. [3]7.A meat-centered diet can help with weight loss. It takes fewer calories to get protein from lean meat than it does from vegetarian options. One serving of lean beef (3 oz.) contains as much protein as one serving of beans (1½ cups) or a veggie burger. However, the lean beef has half the calories of beans (180 vs. 374), and 50%-75% fewer calories than the veggie burger. [61] [15]8.Raising beef is often the most efficient way to produce food for humans. About 85% of US grazing land is not suitable for raising crops humans can eat. [27] Today 98% of the original American prairie lands, along with their native plants and animals, are gone. [60] Most of that land is now covered in corn and wheat fields. Natural prairie grasslands can coexist with sustainable herds of cattle or bison, but they cannot coexist with monocrop agriculture.9.Vegetarian diets are not necessarily better for the environment. About 90% of US cropland suffers from top soil loss at 13 times the sustainable rate. [42] 92% of US soybeans (a vegetarian staple protein) are planted with genetically modified soy, immune to herbicides. [43] This immunity allows soy farmers to douse their fields with large quantities of weed-killing herbicides which are toxic to other plants and fish. Some scientists worry that increased herbicide use could create "super weeds." [44] 10.Vegetarians do not live longer. This myth stems from the fact that vegetarians tend to be more health conscious overall, eating a more balanced diet, exercising more, and smoking less than the general population. When a peer-reviewed Apr. 11, 2005 study from the German Cancer Research Center compared health conscious meat eaters with vegetarians, there was no difference in overall mortality rates. [56]11.US meat consumption does not significantly contribute to global deforestation, or loss of US forest land. In 2001 about 95% [18] of animal products consumed in the United States were produced in the United States. Despite the US consumption of about 27 billion pounds of beef per year, [26] the percentage of forested US land has remained steady at around 33% since 1907. [19] 12.Processed vegetarian protein options such as tofu can cause more greenhouse gas pollution than farming meat. A 2010 report from the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) found that the production of soy-based proteins such as tofu could contribute more to greenhouse gas emissions than eating locally produced meat. [16] According to a peer-reviewed 2009 study, giving up all animal products would only give a 7% reduction in green house gas emissions, [106] not enough to be worth the dietary sacrifice. 13.Becoming vegetarian will not help alleviate world hunger. The 925 million [105] people in chronic hunger worldwide are not hungry because people in wealthy countries eat too much meat. The problem is one of economics and distribution. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, the world "currently produces enough food for everybody, but many people do not have access to it." [108]14.A diet that includes fish provides the body with essential omega-3 fatty acids. Fish are a powerful source of the omega-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA which are important for brain function, lowering triglycerides, and reducing the risk of death from heart attacks and strokes. [52] Although the omega-3 fatty acid ALA can be found in plant oils, the ALA must first be converted by the body into the essential EPA and DHA. The process is inefficient and may not provide the same cardiovascular benefits as eating fish. [53]15.Saturated fats from meat are not to blame for modern diseases like heart disease, cancer, and obesity. Chemically processed and hydrogenated vegetable oils like corn and canola cause these conditions because they contain harmful free radicals and trans fats formed during chemical processing. [46] [49]16.Lean red meat, eaten in moderation, can be a healthful part of a balanced diet. According to researchers at the British Nutrition Foundation, "there is no evidence" that moderate consumption of unprocessed lean red meat has any negative health effects. [50] However, charring meat during cooking can create over 20 chemicals linked to cancer, [51] and the World Cancer Research Fund finds that processed meats like bacon, sausage, and salami, which contain preservatives such as nitrates, are strongly associated with bowel cancer and should be avoided. They emphasize that lean, unprocessed red meat can be a valuable source of nutrients and do not recommend that people remove red meat from their diets entirely, but rather, that they limit consumption to 11 ounces per week or less. [48]17.Modern slaughter techniques minimize the suffering of animals. US slaughterhouses must conform to the Humane Methods of Slaughter Act (HMSA) which mandates that livestock be stunned unconscious before slaughter. [65] Many of the largest US meat producers also adhere to the handling standards developed by Dr. Temple Grandin [87][89] which factor in animal psychology to design transportation devices, stockyards, loading ramps, and restraining systems that minimize stress and calm animals as they are led to slaughter. [88]
18.There is nothing inherently cruel about raising animals for food. There is a growing movement to raise "cruelty free" organic meat. In the United States, animals raised for certified organic meat must be given access to the outdoors, clean air, and water. They cannot be given growth hormones or antibiotics and must be fed organically-grown feed free of animal byproducts. [85] According to a 2007 report from the Range Improvement Task Force, organic meat accounted for 3% of total US meat production. [84] By the end of 2012 "natural and organic" beef accounted for 4% of total beef sales in the United States. [129]
19.The right to eat what we want, including meat, is a fundamental liberty that we must defend. Animal-rights and health groups are attempting to control personal behavior, and many would like to see meat consumption severely restricted—if not outlawed—through the use of lawsuits, heavy taxation
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21.Eating fish is not a more ethical or environmentally sound alternative to other animal protein sources. Scientific studies show fish feel pain when they are injured. [37] In addition, wild fish are severely impacted by overfishing. According to a peer-reviewed 2006 study published in Science, 29% of all commercially fished species have suffered population collapse, and at current fishing levels all harvested species will have collapsed by 2048. [38]
22.Eating fish is not necessary to maintain optimal health, and can even have negative health effects. Omega-3 acids (which can be found in fish) are crucial for health, [125] but the mercury that contaminates most seafood is not. The omega-3 acid ALA is found in vegetarian sources like walnut, flax, and olive oils, and is converted by the body into EPA and DHA—the essential omega-3 acids found in fish. According to peer-reviewed research in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, the omega-3 ALA is sufficient to meet the dietary needs of humans. [54] In terms of mercury contamination in seafood, the US EPA states that "nearly all fish and shellfish" are contaminated by methylmercury (a potent neurotoxin) from industrial pollution. [39]
23.A vegetarian diet would improve worker safety. Meatpacking workers are injured at a rate of 27.6 per 100 workers - double the average of all manufacturing industries. [114] Human Rights Watch has called meatpacking "the most dangerous factory job in America." [111]
CON Vegetarian
1.Eating meat is not cruel or unethical; it is a natural part of the cycle of life. Vegetarians mistakenly elevate the value of animal life over plant life. Research shows that plants respond electrochemically to threats and may feel fear, [98] so vegetarians are also causing harm every time they kill and eat a plant. Every organism on earth dies or is killed, at some point, so others organisms can live. There is nothing wrong with this cycle; it is how nature works.
2.Eating meat has been an essential part of human evolution for 2.3 million years. [14] The inclusion of meat in the ancestral diet provided a dense form of nutrients and protein that, when combined with high-calorie low-nutrient carbohydrates such as roots, allowed us to develop our large brains and intelligence. [63] Evidence shows our taste buds evolved to crave meat's savory flavor. [57]
3.Meat is the most convenient protein source available. In one serving, meat provides all the essential amino acids (the building blocks of protein), as well as essential nutrients such as iron, zinc, and B vitamins. [61] Most plant foods do not provide adequate levels of all the essential amino acids in a single serving.
4.Eating meat provides healthy saturated fats, which enhance the function of the immune and nervous systems. Saturated fats contain the fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E and K, [49] and the cholesterol from saturated animal fat is needed for the proper function of serotonin receptors in the brain. According to a Feb. 7, 2014 study by researchers at the Institute of Social Medicine and Epidemiology, vegetarians "suffer significantly more often from anxiety disorder and/or depression." [133] Low cholesterol levels have been linked to depression. Saturated fats are also essential for building and maintaining cell health, and help the body absorb calcium. [101]
5.Meat is the best source of vitamin B12, a vitamin necessary to nervous and digestive system health. Although it is also found in eggs and dairy, [46] a peer-reviewed July 2003 study showed two in three vegetarians were vitamin B12 deficient compared to one in 20 meat eaters. [47]
6.Eating meat provides a better source of iron than a vegetarian diet. The body absorbs 15% to 35% of the heme iron in meat, but only absorbs 2% to 20% of the non-heme iron found in vegetarian sources like leafy greens and beans. [3]
7.A meat-centered diet can help with weight loss. It takes fewer calories to get protein from lean meat than it does from vegetarian options. One serving of lean beef (3 oz.) contains as much protein as one serving of beans (1½ cups) or a veggie burger. However, the lean beef has half the calories of beans (180 vs. 374), and 50%-75% fewer calories than the veggie burger. [61] [15]
8.Raising beef is often the most efficient way to produce food for humans. About 85% of US grazing land is not suitable for raising crops humans can eat. [27] Today 98% of the original American prairie lands, along with their native plants and animals, are gone. [60] Most of that land is now covered in corn and wheat fields. Natural prairie grasslands can coexist with sustainable herds of cattle or bison, but they cannot coexist with monocrop agriculture.
9.Vegetarian diets are not necessarily better for the environment. About 90% of US cropland suffers from top soil loss at 13 times the sustainable rate. [42] 92% of US soybeans (a vegetarian staple protein) are planted with genetically modified soy, immune to herbicides. [43] This immunity allows soy farmers to douse their fields with large quantities of weed-killing herbicides which are toxic to other plants and fish. Some scientists worry that increased herbicide use could create "super weeds." [44]
10.Vegetarians do not live longer. This myth stems from the fact that vegetarians tend to be more health conscious overall, eating a more balanced diet, exercising more, and smoking less than the general population. When a peer-reviewed Apr. 11, 2005 study from the German Cancer Research Center compared health conscious meat eaters with vegetarians, there was no difference in overall mortality rates. [56]
11.US meat consumption does not significantly contribute to global deforestation, or loss of US forest land. In 2001 about 95% [18] of animal products consumed in the United States were produced in the United States. Despite the US consumption of about 27 billion pounds of beef per year, [26] the percentage of forested US land has remained steady at around 33% since 1907. [19]
12.Processed vegetarian protein options such as tofu can cause more greenhouse gas pollution than farming meat. A 2010 report from the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) found that the production of soy-based proteins such as tofu could contribute more to greenhouse gas emissions than eating locally produced meat. [16] According to a peer-reviewed 2009 study, giving up all animal products would only give a 7% reduction in green house gas emissions, [106] not enough to be worth the dietary sacrifice.
13.Becoming vegetarian will not help alleviate world hunger. The 925 million [105] people in chronic hunger worldwide are not hungry because people in wealthy countries eat too much meat. The problem is one of economics and distribution. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, the world "currently produces enough food for everybody, but many people do not have access to it." [108]
14.A diet that includes fish provides the body with essential omega-3 fatty acids. Fish are a powerful source of the omega-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA which are important for brain function, lowering triglycerides, and reducing the risk of death from heart attacks and strokes. [52] Although the omega-3 fatty acid ALA can be found in plant oils, the ALA must first be converted by the body into the essential EPA and DHA. The process is inefficient and may not provide the same cardiovascular benefits as eating fish. [53]
15.Saturated fats from meat are not to blame for modern diseases like heart disease, cancer, and obesity. Chemically processed and hydrogenated vegetable oils like corn and canola cause these conditions because they contain harmful free radicals and trans fats formed during chemical processing. [46] [49]
16.Lean red meat, eaten in moderation, can be a healthful part of a balanced diet. According to researchers at the British Nutrition Foundation, "there is no evidence" that moderate consumption of unprocessed lean red meat has any negative health effects. [50] However, charring meat during cooking can create over 20 chemicals linked to cancer, [51] and the World Cancer Research Fund finds that processed meats like bacon, sausage, and salami, which contain preservatives such as nitrates, are strongly associated with bowel cancer and should be avoided. They emphasize that lean, unprocessed red meat can be a valuable source of nutrients and do not recommend that people remove red meat from their diets entirely, but rather, that they limit consumption to 11 ounces per week or less. [48]
17.Modern slaughter techniques minimize the suffering of animals. US slaughterhouses must conform to the Humane Methods of Slaughter Act (HMSA) which mandates that livestock be stunned unconscious before slaughter. [65] Many of the largest US meat producers also adhere to the handling standards developed by Dr. Temple Grandin [87][89] which factor in animal psychology to design transportation devices, stockyards, loading ramps, and restraining systems that minimize stress and calm animals as they are led to slaughter. [88]
18.There is nothing inherently cruel about raising animals for food. There is a growing movement to raise "cruelty free" organic meat. In the United States, animals raised for certified organic meat must be given access to the outdoors, clean air, and water. They cannot be given growth hormones or antibiotics and must be fed organically-grown feed free of animal byproducts. [85] According to a 2007 report from the Range Improvement Task Force, organic meat accounted for 3% of total US meat production. [84] By the end of 2012 "natural and organic" beef accounted for 4% of total beef sales in the United States. [129]
19.The right to eat what we want, including meat, is a fundamental liberty that we must defend. Animal-rights and health groups are attempting to control personal behavior, and many would like to see meat consumption severely restricted—if not outlawed—through the use of lawsuits, heavy taxation
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