Table 1
Frequencies of Adverse Outcomes Stratified According to Type of Cardiac Disease
Outcome All Pregnancies
(n = 22) Congenital Lesions ∗
(n = 15) Acquired/Arrhythmias †
(n = 7)
ART outcome
Any ART outcome 4 (18) 4 (27) 0 (0)
OHSS 4 4 0
Thrombosis 0 0 0
Bleeding during ovum retrieval 0 0 0
Cardiac outcome
Any cardiac outcome 6 (27) 4 (27) 2 (29)
Maternal cardiac death 0 0 0
Arrhythmia 2 1 1
Congestive heart failure 4 3 1
Other 0 0 0
Obstetric outcome
Any obstetric outcome 8 (36) 6 (40) 2 (29)
Maternal noncardiac death 0 0 0
Post-partum hemorrhage 3 3 0
Antepartum hemorrhage or subchorionic hematoma 4 3 1
Pre-eclampsia 2 1 1
Abruption 2 1 1
Fetal and neonatal outcome
Any fetal/neonatal outcome 10 (45) 8 (53) 2 (29)
Stillbirth 0 0 0
Neonatal death 1 1 0
Preterm birth ‡ 7 5 2
Respiratory distress 1 1 0
SGA 2 2 0
Intracranial hemorrhage 1 1 0
Congenital anomalies 5 (23) 3 (20) 2 (29)
Cardiac anomaly § 3 3 0
Noncardiac anomaly ¶ 2 0 2
Values are n (%) of pregnancies with an outcome. Outcomes are not mutually exclusive.
ART = assisted reproductive technologies; OHSS = ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome; SGA = small for gestational age (birth weight