Numerous animal and human studies have shown that DMSA administration increases urinary mercury excretion and reduces blood and tissue mercury concentration [42-44]. Chelation therapy with DMSA must be initiated shortly after exposure to prevent accumulation and avoid toxicity. Studies in animal models have shown that neither DMSA nor any other chelating or mobilizing agents were able to ameliorate the brain burden of mercury [45,46]. The treatment with DMSA after exposure to inorganic mercury caused an increased elevation of mercury into motor axons presumably owing to redistribution of mercury, which was mobilized from non-neural tissues (e.g., kidneys and liver)