In addition, a shake-up line between the binding energies of Cu 2p3/2 and Cu 2p1/2 also confirmed the state of Cu (Cu2+) in Cu-TiO2/GF (see Fig. S1 in Supplementary material)
In addition,a shake-up line between the binding energies of Cu 2p3/2 and Cu2p1/2 also confirmed the state of Cu (Cu2+) in Cu-TiO2/GF (see Fig.S1 in Supplementary material)