In order to select the best management approach, a
frequent use of imaging studies or even needle aspiration
may be required. The role of radiological imaging has been
considered in some studies [24]. The American Society of
Colon and Rectal Surgeons advocate the use of computed
tomography (CT) scans and MRI among selected patients
to help define anatomy and guide management, grade of
recommendation: strong recommendation based on lowquality
evidence 1C [25]. The use of CT scans can be
helpful in the diagnosis of complex supralevator abscess,cases that require examination under general anesthesia,
when the diagnosis is unclear and when the extent of the
disease is difficult to ascertain [26, 27]. CT scans may also
be helpful in evaluating both superficial and deep fascia,
which can differentiate into necrotizing fasciitis from the
less aggressive soft tissue edema or cellulitis [28]. However,
MRI is now considered the predominant imaging
modality in the management of patients with complex
anorectal sepsis and is a powerful tool in the evaluation of
anatomical areas of involvement and subsequent appropriate
management [29, 30]. T1-weighted sequences of
MRI can provide information about the anatomical site of
sepsis, whereas the T2-weighted sequences with fat suppression
are more sensitive in detecting inflammation [31, 32].
The routine use of MRI may not be justifiable in patients
with simple or fluctuant perianal abscess. MRI should be
reserved for more complex cases, which are clinically not
apparent to exclude abscess formation and guide treatment