V ANETs are the self-organized networks, composed of
mobile nodes capable of communicating in infrastructure less
environments. Advancement in wireless technologies [14] has
made it possible for vehicles [11] to communicate with other
vehicles without installment of any infrastructure; thus
reducing deployment cost.
V ANETs support a number of applications [8, 13, 14] ranging
from the performance of transportation system to facilitate the
safety on the roads. They also support comfort applications
such as chat, web browsing, and video and game downloads.
The concept of V ANETs is derived from Mobile Ad-hoc
Networks (MANETs). MANETs are composed of mobile
nodes which communicate in infrastructure less environment.
In MANETs, every node plays two roles, data terminals as
well as data transfer equipments [17]. V ANETs follow the
same idea of MANETs except that the nodes are vehicles. As
the vehicles have greater speed and moves on specific paths
like roads, so V ANETs have different characteristics than
MANETs which make them much more challenging.
V ANETs are highly dynamic and their topology frequently
changed due to high speed of vehicles, causes the network to
be partitioned into several parts. One solution is to deploy the
access points along the road. Vehicles will not be able to communicate
if the distance between them is more than