In the current healthcare system in the USA, common mental health conditions are frequently undertreated. As a result, unacceptable disability, morbidity and mortality rates occur. Various stakeholders define, provide, monitor and may reward providers of mental health care, but based on differing interests and agendas. Examples oftheimplementationofevidence-basedpracticein general care, accompanied by changes in fiscal incentives, are rare outside of research endeavours.