1. What wrongs could be detected at the construction of the plant UCIL and in its early stage of operation?
[UCIL initiated the manufacture of raw materials and intermediate products for formulation of the final product within one facility. This was essentially a more sophisticated and hazardous process. Secondly, UCIL continued to operate with safety equipment and procedures far below the standards found its sister plant in West Virginia.]
2. How did the catastrophe start?
[At 11.00 PM on December 2 1984, an operator at the plant noticed a small leak of methyl isocyanate (MIC) gas and increasing pressure inside a storage tank. A 30 ton refrigeration unit that normally served as a safety component to cool the MIC storage tank had been drained of its coolant for use in another part of the plant. Pressure and heat from the vigorous exothermic reaction in the tank continued to build. The gas flare safety system was out of action and had been for three months. At around 1.00 AM, December 3, loud rumbling reverberated around the plant as a safety valve gave way sending a plume of MIC gas into the early morning air.]
3. What were the results?
[Due to the poisonous gas, many people and animals died. An estimated 3,800 people died immediately, mostly in the poor slum colony adjacent to the UCC plant. Local hospitals were soon overwhelmed with the injured, a crisis further compounded by a lack of knowledge of exactly what gas was involved and what its effects were.]
4. How did UCC tried to shirk its responsibility?
[UCC tried to dissociate itself from responsibility for the gas leak. Its principal tactic was to shift culpability to UCIL, stating the plant was wholly built and operated by the Indian subsidiary. It also fabricated scenarios involving sabotage by previously unknown Sikh extremist groups and disgruntled employees but this theory was impugned (challenged as false) by numerous independent sources.]
1. What wrongs could be detected at the construction of the plant UCIL and in its early stage of operation? [UCIL initiated the manufacture of raw materials and intermediate products for formulation of the final product within one facility. This was essentially a more sophisticated and hazardous process. Secondly, UCIL continued to operate with safety equipment and procedures far below the standards found its sister plant in West Virginia.]2. How did the catastrophe start? [At 11.00 PM on December 2 1984, an operator at the plant noticed a small leak of methyl isocyanate (MIC) gas and increasing pressure inside a storage tank. A 30 ton refrigeration unit that normally served as a safety component to cool the MIC storage tank had been drained of its coolant for use in another part of the plant. Pressure and heat from the vigorous exothermic reaction in the tank continued to build. The gas flare safety system was out of action and had been for three months. At around 1.00 AM, December 3, loud rumbling reverberated around the plant as a safety valve gave way sending a plume of MIC gas into the early morning air.]3. What were the results? [Due to the poisonous gas, many people and animals died. An estimated 3,800 people died immediately, mostly in the poor slum colony adjacent to the UCC plant. Local hospitals were soon overwhelmed with the injured, a crisis further compounded by a lack of knowledge of exactly what gas was involved and what its effects were.]4. How did UCC tried to shirk its responsibility? [UCC tried to dissociate itself from responsibility for the gas leak. Its principal tactic was to shift culpability to UCIL, stating the plant was wholly built and operated by the Indian subsidiary. It also fabricated scenarios involving sabotage by previously unknown Sikh extremist groups and disgruntled employees but this theory was impugned (challenged as false) by numerous independent sources.]
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