For these reasons, Samberg and Meroz (1995) searched for alternative disinfectants; however, a more effective alternative was not found. Steinlage et al. (2002) presented an effective disinfection method, which administrated 37% formaldehyde at a rate of 1 mL/h as constant rate infusion (CRI) by using a Buretrol Intravenous Drip Set (Braun Medical Inc., Bethlehem, PA) to reduce the potential exposure of humans and chicks to formaldehyde and also to reduce bacterial contamination in hatchers.