Other articles of the Vienna Convention also are relevant in judging the legality of recent changes in the IWC's mission and the obligations of state members to carry out the new requirements. It might be claimed that the transformation was so extreme that it constituted a de facto amendment of the ICRW; it is not mere interpretation. If so, it does not bind those members who have stated objections since an "amending agreement does not bind any state already a party to a treaty which does not become a party to the amending agreement..."(Article 40, VCLT). Some participants also suggested that objecting states might invoke Article 60 of the VCLT, claiming that the majority's actions constituted a "collective breach" of the ICRW and that the new rules be suspended in whole or in part. Proponents of the changes in the IWC invoke Article 18 of the Vienna Convention, claiming that the opponents of preservation are trying illegally to "defeat its purpose." But that argument can be tuned on its head with a claim that the opponents of preservation remain steadfast proponents of the original treaty; the proponents of preservation have worked to defeat the original purpose of the treaty; and that their alterations are ultra vires - the objecting states are not bound by the changes in Commission mandate.