From the above literature review, it is clear that the thermodynamics
second law analysis and heat transfer characteristics of a
helical coiled heat exchanger using different types of nanofluid
have rarely been studied yet. Thus, the authors are motivated to
work on different types of nanofluids with different nanoparticles
volume concentrations and volume flow rates to find a suitable
nanofluid, which may show better performance for heat transfer
coefficient and exergy efficiency (second law efficiency). Moreover,
majority of the researches were carried out their investigations on
coiled heat exchanger by using conventional fluids rather than
nanofluids. It is remarkable to refer that though the system indicates
better performance, it is applicable for different sectors and
industries with the more effective way.