where N is the number of stages; w0
F;FFA, w0
E;FFA and w0
R;FFA are the free
fatty acid (FFA) concentrations in the feed, extract and raffinate
streams, respectively, and the 0 and superscripts denote the fatty
acid-free basis and equilibrium concentrations, respectively.
The mean quadratic deviations in the crosscurrent and countercurrent
simulations were calculated using Eq.