A survey was conducted by Bhatnagar and Sehgal (1990)
regarding the use of paddy husk as fuel in boiler furnaces
in industries in Ludhiana district of Punjab, India. It was
observed that the thermal efficiency of husk fired furnaces
is in the range of 28-35% and these furnaces cause serious
environmental pollution due to emission of fly ash and
smoke from the boiler chimney. The furnaces covered in
the survey included inclined grate, horse shoe and step
grate type furnaces.