3. Results and discussion
3.1. Volatile compounds in IF
There are considerable discrepancies in the literature in
selecting the best marker(s) to monitor lipid oxidation in IF
because of the variation in their composition (e.g., content of
n À 3 and n À 6 fatty acids).also indicated
that substantial differences in volatile profiles were observed
among different brands, formula types (e.g., powder and ready-
to-feed), and/or matrices (e.g., milk-based and hydrolyzed milk
protein-based) of IF products. Therefore, in this study, dynamic
headspace GC–MS was used to identify volatile oxidation products
before choosing a specific maker to monitor lipid oxidation.